Search results for `S. Philip C. Rule`

Ancient Greek and Roman Philosophy, Miscellaneous in Ancient Greek and Roman Philosophy

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21

Religion and Philosophy from Plato's Phaedo to the Chaldaean Oracles.Philip Merlan - 1963 - Journal of the History of Philosophy 1 (2):163-176.

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:Religion and Philosophy from Plato's Phaedo to the Chaldaean Oracles PHILIP MERLAN A FEW YEARSAGO another of the so-called Orphic tablets was found? Like the previously known ones~it is an instruction for the deceased--it tells him what he will find in the beyond and how he is to act to secure for himself a blessed afterlife. As a rule the tablets differ somewhat in their wording and (...) the newly found is particularly remarkable in that the deceased, when asked by the guards of the Spring of Memory what his business here is, is instructed to answer, "I am a child of the Earth and o~octvo~5~aveOo~v~og ~ and my name is Asterios. ''~ Now, it is generally recognized that the tablets are the product of some mystery religion? The new tablet suggests that part of its initiation ceremony might have been the experience of a mock death and a mock rebirth, the latter symbolized by the assuming of a new name? XN. M. Verdelis, "XaXr~ 7eCp6~oxos raX~rls ~x r 'ApxaLoXoy~K ~ 'Er 1950-1951 (Athens, 1951), pp. 80-105, esp. pp. 99-105. 2 Their text can be found in any edition of Diels-Kranz, VS. New finds: N. M. Verdelis, '0pr162 ~,&rt*ara ~ Kpr "Ap~ca~oXo*t~x~"E~tzep~ 1953-54, Second Part (Athens, 1958), pp. 56-60. On their character (Orphic? Pythagorean?), see F. Cumont, Lex perpetua (Paris, 1944), p. 406. Which mystery religion professed these two as obviously the highest deities? One is tempted to think of the mysteries of Samothrace, as in them these two deities played a conspicuous role according to Varro, De lingua lat. V 58 (cf. B. Cardauns, Varros 'Logistoricus' iiber die G6tterverehrung [Wiirzburg, 1960], pp. 60-67). 4 dar (~po4pro~)seems to me an evident conjecture by Verdelis. See, e.g., M. P. Nilsson, Geschichte der griechischen Religion, Vol. 2 (Miinchen, 1950), pp. 223-227. 0This is the assumption of Verdelis, XaXxr ~'e,~0~oxo~ with which I agree. On baptismal names see, e.g., A Oepke, "AM~IOAAEIY~ im griechischen und hellenistischen Kult," Archiv fiir Religionswissenschaft 31 (1934), pp. 42-56, esp. 52, note 5 (den Anstoss---scil. to bestowing of a new name on the initiate--gaben wohl primitive Wiedergeburtsgedanken). It seems to me that the Pindaric lines praising him who descends to the netherworld if he had been initiated, because he ot~e ~p fllov.reXew'gu,/olSeJ,~b.&6a~orol,tlpx~p (fr. 137a Sch) are to be explained by assuming that Pindar is here alluding to the experience of mock death (~-~,ev~-~) and mock rebirth (apX~), though it remains unclear whether the initiate experienced them in his own person or was only shown something (e.g. the burial of a seed followed by its shooting into an ear) symbolizing such events. [163] 164 HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY And it is only natural to suppose that the initiation ceremony was preceded by some kind of ritual purification. In one more respect the new tablet is remarkable. It is the oldest we know. It belongs to the mid-fourth century. And this means that perhaps only a few years separate it from the date of the publication of Plato's Phaedo.' Now, as everybody knows, the Phaedo has something to say on mystery religions. Socrates first explains to his friends why he is not only not afraid of death but even looking forward to it. All his life long, he says, he was a philosopher and philosophy, as he sees it, is nothing else but ~X~-c~l0ctvd,ov. And as he explains in what way philosophy is a preparation for death, he time and again uses for the description of the philosopher's way of life the word 'pure' and its cognates (Phaedo 67d-e; 69a6-e5 [~d~}aqot~,•, ~xa0a0~vog], so that in the end the philosopher's way of life can by Socrates be described as purification-obviously purification not in its ritual sense of the word but, as Socrates sees it, in its true sense. And now Socrates clinches his argument and says: And it seems indeed that the men to whom we are indebted for the institution of... (shrink)

Logical Consequence and Entailment in Logic and Philosophy of Logic

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61

Prior on Propositional Identity.Philip Hugly & Charles Sayward - 1976 - Analysis 36 (4):182-184.

Let A, B, C stand for sentences expressing propositions; let A be a component of C; let C A/B be just like C except for replacing some occurrence of A in C by an occurrence of B; let = be a binary connective for propositional identity read as ‘the proposition that __ is the very same proposition as …’. Then authors defend adding ‘from C = C A/B infer A = B’ to Prior’s rules for propositional identity, appearing in OBJECTS (...)

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34

Winch and Wittgenstein: P. C. ALMOND.Philip C. Almond - 1976 - Religious Studies 12 (4):473-482.

In this paper, I shall be concerned to show: that Winch believes that there can be different conceptions of ‘agreement with reality’; that Wittgenstein agrees with this, but emphasizes the difficulty of understanding such conceptions; that Winch realizes this difficulty, and yet still tries to gain understanding of primitive social institutions in terms of their sense of the significance of human life, in terms of the limiting notions of birth, death and sexual relations; that such a notion of the significance (...)

Philosophy of Religion

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The spr š lḥ" Tablet Scribe" at Phoenician Kition (" CIS" I 86 A 14).Philip C. Schmitz - 2009 - Journal of the American Oriental Society 129 (3):499-501.

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5

Wilfred Cantwell Smith as Theologian of Religions.Philip C. Almond - 1983 - .

Much has been written about Wilfred Cantwell Smith's account of the nature of religion, particularly by those who, broadly speaking, may be called Religionswissenschaftler. Surprisingly little, though, has been written about his theology. In part at least, this can be attributed to the incipience of his theological thought within the broad parameters of his studies of religion. Theological ideas have been more imbedded in the wealth of materials aimed at the elucidation of the nature of belief, faith, religious truth, and (...)

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8

Review: Interpreting the Mengzi. [REVIEW]Philip J. Ivanhoe - 2004 - Philosophy East and West 54 (2):249 - 263.

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:Interpreting the MengziPhilip J. IvanhoeMencius: Contexts and Interpretations. Edited by Alan K. L. Chan. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press, 2002. Pp. vii + 328. Hardcover $51.00.Mencius: Contexts and Interpretations, edited by Alan K. L. Chan, is an important collection of essays from a scholarly conference held at the National University of Singapore in 1999. It begins with a concise yet incisive introduction to Mengzi, his work, and the various (...) contributions to the volume. The essays engage the Mengzi from a wide range of perspectives and employ a variety of different approaches. One of its many virtues is the inclusion of articles that explore the relationship of the text to recently excavated Guodian material. The primary audience of these essays is other scholars. However, several contributions could be understood and appreciated by nonspecialists as well.In the lead essay, Ning Chen criticizes a wide range of current accounts concerning the background of Mengzi's theory of human nature and argues that because of these mistaken impressions about Mengzi's intellectual context contemporary scholars fail to appreciate important features of Mengzi's own theory. Chen argues that in order to understand Mengzi's theory it is necessary to appreciate that he was responding to a heretofore unnoticed Mohist theory of human nature and to views that we find in certain Guodian texts. Both of these sources describe "inegalitarian" theories of human nature, and such theories served as a central focus of not only Mengzi's but Xunzi's theory of human nature as well.Some may find Chen's claims about the Mohist theory of human nature in need of further support. His evidence is a single passage from the later, dialectical chapters and the reading of this passage remains highly controversial. Given the importance of this issue for Mengzi and the significant debates Mengzi has with Mohists in various places in the Mengzi, it is quite strange that we see no direct reference to this theory in the text, nor do we find evidence of it in the core chapters of the Mozi. Chen argues that his interpretation is superior to that of Wu Yujing, who argues that the Mohists advocated the view that human nature was ethically neutral. However, Chen does not mention that others have produced quite impressive arguments in support of this same conclusion, for example David S. Nivison.Chen presents interesting and impressive textual work on Guodian texts and no one can deny that this material adds to our understanding of early Chinese philosophy. However, it is not yet clear how, if at all, these texts change our interpretation of Mengzi's theory itself. Even on the issue of what motivated thinkers like Mengzi [End Page 249] and Xunzi to argue for more "egalitarian" theories, it is not clear that Chen has identified anything strikingly new. While the Guodian texts do describe new and interesting theories concerning the character of human nature, these are not the first "inegalitarian" theories. Perhaps more important, one need not see thinkers like Mengzi as responding only or even primarily to explicit theories about human nature; there was ample motivation to argue for a fundamental moral equality among human beings in order to resist the inertia of hereditary rule. As Donald Munro argued in his classic work, The Concept of Man in Early China, this is a distinctive feature of early Chinese thought. It seems reasonable to believe that on some not-too-deep level, all these theories about human nature were responding to the political and social realities of the times.I have some concern about Chen's tendency, which is common among those working on Guodian material, to infer direct causal influence between these texts and later philosophical writings. As all philosophers know, inference is a tricky affair. If we find an earlier culture A, whose members wore trousers with two legs, and a later culture B, whose members also wore trousers with two legs, we might be led to infer that B picked up this practice from A. This would be rash. Both may have adopted the practice from a third culture C or each may have come upon the idea independently—after all, they... (shrink)

Mencius in Asian Philosophy

Genetics and Molecular Biology in Philosophy of Biology

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12

MicroRNA annotation of plant genomes − Do it right or not at all.Richard S. Taylor, James E. Tarver, Alireza Foroozani & Philip C. J. Donoghue - 2017 - Bioessays 39 (2):1600113.

MicroRNAs are non‐coding regulators of gene expression and key factors in development, disease, and targets for bioengineering. Consequently, microRNAs have become essential elements of already burgeoning draft plant genome descriptions where their annotation is often particularly poor, contributing unduly to the corruption of public databases. Using the Citrus sinensis as an example, we highlight and review common failings of miRNAome annotations. Understanding and exploiting the role of miRNAs in plant biology will be stymied unless the research community acts decisively to (...)

Autonomy in Applied Ethics in Applied Ethics

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27

A cluster randomized control field trial of the ABRACADABRA web-based reading technology: replication and extension of basic findings.Noella A. Piquette, Robert S. Savage & Philip C. Abrami - 2014 - Frontiers in Psychology 5.

Cognitive Sciences

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Paternalism and autonomy: views of patients and providers in a transitional country.Lucija Murgic, Philip C. Hébert, Slavica Sovic & Gordana Pavlekovic - 2015 - BMC Medical Ethics 16 (1):1-9.

BackgroundPatient autonomy is a fundamental, yet challenging, principle of professional medical ethics. The idea that individual patients should have the freedom to make choices about their lives, including medical matters, has become increasingly prominent in current literature. However, this has not always been the case, especially in communist countries where paternalistic attitudes have been interwoven into all relationships including medical ones. Patients’ expectations and the role of the doctor in the patient-physician relationship are changing. Croatia, as a transitional country, is (...)

Medical Ethics in Applied Ethics

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8 citations

6

Good medicine: the art of ethical care in Canada.Philip C. Hébert - 2016 - Toronto: Doubleday Canada.

Drawing on his extensive experience as both a medical practitioner and a patient, acclaimed author, award-winning physician, and ethicist Philip Hébert creates a brave and intimate portrait of the complex ethical questions raised by revolutionary advances in medical diagnosis and treatment. Philip Hébert addresses the complex ethical questions raised by revolutionary advances in medical treatment. This work expands upon Hébert's previous book, "Doing Right," and extends his knowledge of the field beyond medical professionals to reach the patients they (...)

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Modularity in Cognitive Science in Philosophy of Cognitive Science

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33

Can current methods of pathonormal inference tell us anything about modularity?David W. Gow & Philip C. Rodkin - 1999 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 22 (3):571-572.

This commentary on Müller's target article is designed to help bridge the gap between method and theory in neurobiological approaches to language. We focus on pathonormal inference as reflective of broader conceptual issues concerning universality and modularity. Our commentary directs attention to how current methodological and analytic procedures are less than optimal and minimize possibilities for reaching theoretical consensus. We make suggestions about alternative analytic strategies that provide a direction for future scientific progress.

Philosophy of Cognitive Science

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31

Discovering Elements of Complex Adaptive Systems: A Case Study of University Hospital's Re‐engineering Efforts.Renee Houston & Philip C. Rothschild - 2001 - World Futures 57 (6):615-643.

(2001). Discovering Elements of Complex Adaptive Systems: A Case Study of University Hospital's Re‐engineering Efforts. World Futures: Vol. 57, Future Trends in Communications Strategies, pp. 615-643.

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Alzheimer's Disease in Philosophy of Cognitive Science

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24

When parsimony backfires: Neglecting DNA repair may doom neurons in Alzheimer's disease.Thierry Nouspikel & Philip C. Hanawalt - 2003 - Bioessays 25 (2):168-173.

Taking advantage of the fact that they need not replicate their DNA, terminally differentiated neurons only repair their expressed genes and largely dispense with the burden of removing damage from most of their genome. However, they may pay a heavy price for this laxity if unforeseen circumstances, such as a pathological condition like Alzheimer's disease, cause them to re‐enter the cell cycle. The lifetime accumulation of unrepaired lesions in the silent genes of neurons is likely to be significant and may (...)

Simplicity and Parsimony in General Philosophy of Science

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38

Exploring the potential utility of AI large language models for medical ethics: an expert panel evaluation of GPT-4.Michael Balas, Jordan Joseph Wadden, Philip C. Hébert, Eric Mathison, Marika D. Warren, Victoria Seavilleklein, Daniel Wyzynski, Alison Callahan, Sean A. Crawford, Parnian Arjmand & Edsel B. Ing - 2024 - Journal of Medical Ethics 50 (2):90-96.

Integrating large language models (LLMs) like GPT-4 into medical ethics is a novel concept, and understanding the effectiveness of these models in aiding ethicists with decision-making can have significant implications for the healthcare sector. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of GPT-4 in responding to complex medical ethical vignettes and to gauge its utility and limitations for aiding medical ethicists. Using a mixed-methods, cross-sectional survey approach, a panel of six ethicists assessed LLM-generated responses to eight (...)

Medical Ethics in Applied Ethics

Nationalism in Social and Political Philosophy

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20

Syria and the French Mandate: The Politics of Arab Nationalism, 1920-1945.C. Ernest Dawn & Philip S. Khoury - 1989 - Journal of the American Oriental Society 109 (3):449.

Kant: Aesthetics in 17th/18th Century Philosophy

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46

Kant.Patricia Kitcher, Philip Kitcher & Ralph C. S. Walker - 1980 - Philosophical Review 89 (2):282.

Kant: Ethics in 17th/18th Century Philosophy

Kant: Metaphysics and Epistemology in 17th/18th Century Philosophy

Kant: Social, Political, and Religious Thought in 17th/18th Century Philosophy

Kant: Teleology in 17th/18th Century Philosophy

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An Essay on Crafts & Obedience.Philip Mairet, H. D. C. Pepler & St Dominic'S. Press - 1918 - Printed by Douglas Pepler.

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38

Decolonising ideas of healing in medical education.Amali U. Lokugamage, Tharanika Ahillan & S. D. C. Pathberiya - 2020 - Journal of Medical Ethics 46 (4):265-272.

The legacy of colonial rule has permeated into all aspects of life and contributed to healthcare inequity. In response to the increased interest in social justice, medical educators are thinking of ways to decolonise education and produce doctors who can meet the complex needs of diverse populations. This paper aims to explore decolonising ideas of healing within medical education following recent events including the University College London Medical School’s Decolonising the Medical Curriculum public engagement event, the Wellcome Collection ’s (...)

Global Health in Applied Ethics

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4 citations

56

Gender Differences in Leadership Role Occupancy: The Mediating Role of Power Motivation.Sebastian C. Schuh, Alina S. Hernandez Bark, Niels Van Quaquebeke, Rüdiger Hossiep, Philip Frieg & Rolf Van Dick - 2014 - Journal of Business Ethics 120 (3):363-379.

Although the proportion of women in leadership positions has grown over the past decades, women are still underrepresented in leadership roles, which poses an ethical challenge to society at large but business in particular. Accordingly, a growing body of research has attempted to unravel the reasons for this inequality. Besides theoretical progress, a central goal of these studies is to inform measures targeted at increasing the share of women in leadership positions. Striving to contribute to these efforts and drawing on (...)

Business Ethics in Applied Ethics

Computational Semantics in Philosophy of Cognitive Science

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7 citations

82

Elements of a Plan‐Based Theory of Speech Acts.Philip R. Cohen & C. Raymond Perrault - 1979 - Cognitive Science 3 (3):177-212.

This paper explores the truism that people think about what they say. It proposes that, to satisfy their own goals, people often plan their speech acts to affect their listeners' beliefs, goals, and emotional states. Such language use can be modelled by viewing speech acts as operators in a planning system, thus allowing both physical and speech acts to be integrated into plans. Methodological issues of how speech acts should be defined in a planbased theory are illustrated by defining operators (...)

Symbols and Symbol Systems in Philosophy of Cognitive Science

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74 citations

12

Screening and Counseling for Genetic Conditions: The Ethical, Social, and Legal Implications of Genetic Screening, Counseling, and Education Programs.Philip Reilly, John C. Fletcher & Karen Lebacqz - 1983 - Hastings Center Report 13 (5):40.

Book reviewed in this article: Coping with Genetic Disorders. By John C. Fletcher. Genetics, Ethics and Parenthood. Edited by Karen Lebacqz. Screening and Counseling for Genetic Conditions: The Ethical, Social, and Legal Implications of Genetic Screening, Counseling, and Education Programs. A report of the President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research.

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Patriotism in Social and Political Philosophy

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10 citations

6

The Many Faces of Patriotism.Philip Abbott, Walter Berns, Rogers Brubaker, Sakhela Buhlungu, Ian De-Weese-Boyd, Margaret De-Weese-Boyd, Elizabeth Faue, Marc Kruman, Gerhard Maré, Margaret C. Nussbaum, Irvin Reid, Melvin Small & Roger Wilkins (eds.) - 2007 - Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.

The Many Faces of Patriotism debate the consequences of the 21st century's patriotic resurgence, examining it both in theoretical and comparative terms that draw on examples of patriotism from ancient Greece to post-apartheid South Africa.

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Social-Ecological Resilience Moderates the Effectiveness of Avoidant Coping in Children Exposed to Adversity: An Exploratory Study in Lithuania.Francesca Giordano, Simona C. S. Caravita & Philip Jefferies - 2020 - Frontiers in Psychology 11.

Cognitive Sciences

Aspects of Intentionality in Philosophy of Mind

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54

Retrospectivity and the rule of law / C. Sampford ; with the assistance of J. Louise, S. Blencowe, and T. Round.C. Sampford, J. Louise, S. Blencowe & T. Round - unknown

Retrospective rule-making has few supporters and many opponents. Defenders of retrospective laws generally do so on the basis that they are a necessary evil in specific or limited circumstances, for example to close tax loopholes, to deal with terrorists or to prosecute fallen tyrants. Yet the reality of retrospective rule making is far more widespread than this, and ranges from ’corrective’ legislation to ’interpretive regulations’ to judicial decision making. The search for a rational justification for retrospective rule-making (...)

Philosophy of Cognitive Science

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Where's the psychological reality?C. Philip Winder - 1989 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 12 (3):417-417.

Philosophy of Linguistics in Philosophy of Language

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63

Concordance et indices de la tradition musulmaneHistoire des croisades et du royaume franc de Jérusalem. Vol. I: L'anarchie musulmane et la monarchie franque (1097-1131)The Kingdom of the CrusadesMoslem Schisms and Sects (al-Farḳ bạin al-Firaḳ)Diwan of Khaki KhorasaniTwo Early Ismaili Treatises, i. e. Haft Babi Bab Sayyid-na and Matlubu'l-Mu'mininTrue Meaning of Religion, i. e. Risala dar Haqqiqati DinAl-Islām w-al-Tajdīd fi MiṣrMonetary and Banking System of SyriaThe Yazīdis, Past and Present. [REVIEW]Philip K. Hitti, A. J. Wensinck, René Grousset, Dana C. Munro, Abraham S. Halkin, W. Ivanow, Nasir'D.-din Tusi, Shihabu' din Shah, Ivanow, 'Abbās Maḥmūd, Sa'īd B. Ḥimādeh, Ismā'īl Beg Chol, Costi K. Zurayq, Anīs Khūri al-Maqdisi, Jibrā'īl S. Jabbūr, Al-amīr Ḥaydar al-Shihābi, Asad Rustum, Fu'ād I. al-Bustāni, Rene Grousset, 'Abbas Mahmud, Sa'id B. Himadeh, Isma'il Beg Chol, Anis Khuri al-Maqdisi, Jibra'il S. Jabbur, Al-Amir Haydar Al-Shihabi & Fu'ad I. al-Bustani - 1936 - Journal of the American Oriental Society 56 (4):510.

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Bertrand Russell in 20th Century Philosophy

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178

New books. [REVIEW]C. D. Broad, W. D. Ross, A. E. Taylor, C. T. Harley Walker, Paul Philip Levertoff, Bernard Bosanquet, G. G., F. C. S. Schiller, L. J. Russell & H. Wildon Carr - 1920 - Mind 29 (114):232-250.

C. D. Broad in 20th Century Philosophy

Charles Sanders Peirce in 19th Century Philosophy

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Studies in the Philosophy of Charles Sanders Peirce. Second Series.Edward C. Moore, Richard S. Robin & Philip Paul Wiener - 1964 - University of Massachusetts Press.

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267

Symposium: Are Religious Dogmas Cognitive and Meaningful?Virgil C. Aldrich, Charles Hartshorne, Harold H. Titus, H. Rensselaer Wilsovann, Patrick Romanell, Woodrow W. Sayre, William S. Minor, Philip Merlan, Y. H. Krikorian, John Herman Randall Jr, James Gutmann, Sidney Hook, Virgil C. Aldrich, C. J. Ducasse & Raphael Demos - 1954 - Journal of Philosophy 51 (5):145 - 172.

Charles Hartshorne in 20th Century Philosophy

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38

New books. [REVIEW]Philip Leon, A. E. Taylor, J. L. Stocks, F. C. S. Schiller, H. B. Acton, J. O. Wisdom, A. C. Ewing & J. H. Woodger - 1936 - Mind 45 (179):388-403.

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Nature of Science in General Philosophy of Science

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38

In memoriam: Dr. William M. Malisoff.Philip Frank & C. West Churchman - 1948 - Philosophy of Science 15 (1):1-3.

Since the turn of the century there has been a strong trend to break through the wall which has separated philosophy from the “special sciences” and to investigate the problems which require a good judgment in both philosophy and science. The evolution of science itself and the increasing relevance of science in human life have given immense momentum to this trend. But this momentum could not be appreciated in its actual strength because scientists who wanted to raise their voices had (...)

Bertrand Russell in 20th Century Philosophy

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188

New books. [REVIEW]A. E. Taylor, C. D. Broad, Bernard Muscio, R. M. MacIver, Joseph Rickaby, Leonard J. Russell, G. A. Johnston, Henry J. Watt, M. L., John Edgar, Arthur Robinson, J. Laird, R. R. Marett, J. L. McIntyre, W. L. Lorimer, C. V. Valentine, F. C. S. Schiller & Philip E. B. Jourdan - 1913 - Mind 22 (87):403-442.

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39

Symposium: Are Religious Dogmas Cognitive and Meaningful?Virgil C. Aldrich, Charles Hartshorne, Harold H. Titus, H. Van Rensselaer Wilson, Patrick Romanell, Woodrow W. Sayre, William S. Minor, Philip Merlan, Y. H. Krikorian, John Herman Randall, James Gutmann, Sidney Hook, C. J. Ducasse & Raphael Demos - 1954 - Journal of Philosophy 51 (5):145.

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Continental Political Philosophy in Continental Philosophy

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42

Should “Systems Thinkers” Accept the Limits on Political Forecasting or Push the Limits?Philip E. Tetlock, Michael C. Horowitz & Richard Herrmann - 2012 - Critical Review: A Journal of Politics and Society 24 (3):375-391.

Historical analysis and policy making often require counterfactual thought experiments that isolate hypothesized causes from a vast array of historical possibilities. However, a core precept of Jervis's “systems thinking” is that causes are so interconnected that the historian can only with great difficulty imagine causation by subtracting all variables but one. Prediction, according to Jervis, is even more problematic: The more sensitive an event is to initial conditions (e.g., butterfly effects), the harder it is to derive accurate forecasts. Nevertheless, if (...)

Neglect and Extinction in Philosophy of Cognitive Science

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51

From base-rate to cumulative respect.C. Philip Beaman & Rachel McCloy - 2007 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 30 (3):256-257.

The tendency to neglect base-rates in judgment under uncertainty may be as Barbey & Sloman (B&S) suggest, but it is neither inevitable (as they document; see also Koehler 1996) nor unique. Here we would like to point out another line of evidence connecting ecological rationality to dual processes, the failure of individuals to appropriately judge cumulative probability.

Philosophy of Cognitive Science

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In at the Beginnings: A Physicist's Life.C. Philip Morse - 1976 - MIT Press.

The autobiography of one of the most versatile of American scientists of his generation, the first to be trained largely in his own country. A scientific generalist, Morse has made significant contributions to atomic physics, quantum mechanics, plasma physics, astrophysics, acoustics, machine computation, and operations research. Philip Morse has surely been one of the most versatile of American scientists of his generation, the first to be trained largely in his own country. A scientific generalist, he has made significant contributions (...)

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Ludwig Wittgenstein in 20th Century Philosophy

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65

Crossing pictures of ‘determination’ in Wittgenstein's remarks on rule‐following.Philip Bold - 2023 - Philosophical Investigations 47 (1):32-52.

In PI 189, Wittgenstein's interlocutor asks, ‘But are the steps then not determined by the algebraic formula?’. Wittgenstein responds, ‘The question contains a mistake’. What is the mistake contained in the interlocutor's question? Wittgenstein's elaboration is neither explicit nor its intended upshot transparent. In this paper, I offer a reading on which the interlocutor's question arises from illicitly crossing different pictures of ‘determination’. I begin by working through Wittgenstein's machine analogy in PI 193, which illustrates picture‐crossing in our ways of (...)

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20

Virtue, Nature, and Moral Agency in the Xunzi.Philip J. Ivanhoe & T. C. Kline (eds.) - 2000 - Hackett Publishing Company.

Xunzi is traditionally identified as the third philosopher in the Confucian tradition, after Confucius and Mencius. Unlike the work of his two predecessors, he wrote complete essays in which he defends his own interpretation of the Confucian position and attacks the positions of others. Within the early Chinese tradition, Xunzi's writings are arguably the most sophisticated and philosophically developed. This richness of philosophical content has led to a lively discussion of his philosophy among contemporary scholars. This volume collects some of (...)

Xunzi in Asian Philosophy

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6 citations

56

Neurotrauma and the rule of rescue.S. Honeybul, G. R. Gillett, K. M. Ho & C. R. P. Lind - 2011 - Journal of Medical Ethics 37 (12):707-710.

The rule of rescue describes the powerful human proclivity to rescue identified endangered lives, regardless of cost or risk. Deciding whether or not to perform a decompressive craniectomy as a life-saving or ‘rescue’ procedure for a young person with a severe traumatic brain injury provides a good example of the ethical tensions that occur in these situations. Unfortunately, there comes a point when the primary brain injury is so severe that if the patient survives they are likely to remain (...)

Biomedical Ethics in Applied Ethics

Medical Ethics in Applied Ethics

Health and Illness in Philosophy of Science, Misc

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5 citations

21

What's new: Immunotoxins.David C. Blakey & Philip E. Thorpe - 1986 - Bioessays 4 (6):292-297.

Immunotoxins are hybrid molecules formed by coupling antibody molecules to powerful toxins of plant or bacterial origin. In experimental systems, immunotoxins have been found to kill cancer cells with great potency and specificity. This article reviews the current status of immunotoxins and some of the problems that have to be overcome before they can be used to treat human malignant disease.

Biological Sciences in Natural Sciences

Godelian Arguments Against AI in Philosophy of Cognitive Science

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18

Penrose matching rules from realistic potentials in a model system.S. Lim, M. Mihalkovič & C. L. Henley - 2008 - Philosophical Magazine 88 (13-15):1977-1984.

Category Theory in Philosophy of Mathematics

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18

Categories and types in logic, language, and physics: essays dedicated to Jim Lambek on the occasion of his 90th birthday.C. Casadio, Bob Coecke, Michael Moortgat, Philip Scott & Jim Lambek (eds.) - 2014 - New York: Springer.

For more than 60 years, Jim Lambek has been a profoundly inspirational mathematician, with groundbreaking contributions to algebra, category theory, linguistics, theoretical physics, logic and proof theory. This Festschrift was put together on the occasion of his 90th birthday. The papers in it give a good picture of the multiple research areas where the impact of Jim Lambek's work can be felt. The volume includes contributions by prominent researchers and by their students, showing how Jim Lambek's ideas keep inspiring upcoming (...)

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58

Ethical issues related to computerised family medical histories in sickle cell disease: Inforare.S. Franrenet, N. Duchange, F. Galacteros, C. Quantin, O. Cohen, R. Nzouakou, S. Sudraud, C. Herve & G. Moutel - 2010 - Journal of Medical Ethics 36 (10):604-607.

The Inforare project aims to set up a system for the sharing of clinical and familial data, in order to study how genes are related to the severity of sickle cell disease. While the computerisation of clinical records represents a valuable research goal, an ethical framework is necessary to guarantee patients' protection and their rights in this developing field. Issues relating to patient information during the Inforare study were analysed by the steering committee. Several major concerns were discussed by the (...)

Biomedical Ethics in Applied Ethics

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10

Gender and Organizational Culture: Correlates of Companies' Responsiveness to Fathers in Sweden.C. Philip Hwang & Linda Haas - 2007 - Gender and Society 21 (1):52-79.

This study explores company support for men's participation in child care in Sweden, where the government promotes gender equality. The authors investigate the influence of two ideologies about gender, the doctrine of separate spheres and masculine hegemony, on the responsiveness to fathers shown by Sweden's largest corporations. Father-friendly companies had adopted values associated with the private sphere and prioritized entrance of women into the public sphere. Companies with less masculine hegemony provided some informal but no formal support to fathers. Following (...)

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Philosophy of Connectionism, Foundational Empirical Issues in Philosophy of Cognitive Science

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58

Neurons amongst the symbols?C. Philip Beaman - 2000 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 23 (4):468-470.

Page's target article presents an argument for the use of localist, connectionist models in future psychological theorising. The “manifesto” marshalls a set of arguments in favour of localist connectionism and against distributed connectionism, but in doing so misses a larger argument concerning the level of psychological explanation that is appropriate to a given domain.

Reduction in Cognitive Science in Philosophy of Cognitive Science

Representation in Neuroscience in Philosophy of Cognitive Science

Charles Sanders Peirce in 19th Century Philosophy

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1 citation

1623

The Fixation of Belief.C. S. Peirce - 1877 - Popular Science Monthly 12 (1):1-15.

“Probably Peirce’s best-known works are the first two articles in a series of six that originally were collectively entitled Illustrations of the Logic of Science and published in Popular Science Monthly from November 1877 through August 1878. The first is entitled ‘The Fixation of Belief’ and the second is entitled ‘How to Make Our Ideas Clear.’ In the first of these papers Peirce defended, in a manner consistent with not accepting naive realism, the superiority of the scientific method over other (...)

Inquiry in Epistemology

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288 citations

90

Goodness and Advice.Judith Jarvis Thomson, Philip Fisher, Martha C. Nussbaum, J. B. Schneewind & Barbara Herrnstein Smith - 2003 - Princeton University Press.

In my contribution to this volume, I (BHS) comment on on the stultifying rhetoric of contemporary analytic moral theory as illustrated in Judith Jarvis Thomson's Tanner Lectures, with particular reference to Thomson's anxieties about the moral relativism exhibited by college freshman and to her efforts--quite strained, in my view, and inevitably unsuccessful--to demonstrate the existence of objective judgments in matters of morality and taste .

Ethics in Value Theory, Miscellaneous

Philosophical Traditions

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41 citations

46

Book Review Section 1. [REVIEW]Kenneth C. Schmidt, Philip G. Altbach, Bernard J. Kohlbrenner, Tom Zepper, Georgia I. Gudykunst, Donald A. Dellow, James Steve Counselis, James J. VanPatten, L. David Weller, C. H. Edson, W. Bruce Leslie, Maxine S. Seller, Charles R. Schindler, Cheryl G. Kasson, Fred D. Kierstead & Richard Quantz - 1981 - Educational Studies 12 (2):193-213.

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4

Qumr'n Cave 4: Serekh Ha-YaH·ad and two related texts.Philip S. Alexander & Géza Vermès (eds.) - 1955 - Oxford University Press UK.

This volume presents the long-awaited edition of the Cave 4 manuscripts of Serekh Ha-Yahad or The Rule of the Community, in which the Essenes detailed the guidelines for membership in their community. Also known as the Manual of Discipline, a complete scroll was found in Cave 1 at Qumran and this edition illuminates the textual and redactional history of Dead Sea literature. The document is extremely important for understanding the nature, practice, and ideology of the Qumran covenanters.

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